Datasets

Irrigation technologies, Use of Solar Pumps and Gendered Impacts

The CGIAR Nexus Gains initiative supported a survey on irrigation solar pumps in Uganda to examine how solar pump ownership impacts the livelihoods of women and men in rural areas. This questionnaire was utilized to collect data from both beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries of the World Bank solar pump subsidy project, implemented by the Ugandan Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Animal Industry.

The subsidy project required applicants to:
-Contribute 25% of the pump acquisition cost.
-Have access to a water source.
-Own arable land.
-At the time of the survey (November–December 2024), the project had expanded to all four regions of Uganda (Central, Eastern, Western, and Northern), covering 66 of the country’s 122 districts.

The survey was conducted in all four regions, sampling eight districts (two per region). Due to budget constraints, the survey included a sample of 480 households, comprising 280 beneficiaries and 200 non-beneficiaries. In each household, both an adult female and an adult male were interviewed to capture gender-differentiated perspectives.

Questionnaire Protocol Modules:
-Household Composition
-Irrigation Use
-Solar Pump and Non-Solar Pump Characteristics
-Women Empowerment
-Energy Insecurity
-Water Insecurity
-Food Insecurity
-Nutrition and Dietary Diversity
-Production and Input
-Assets
-Markets and Marketing
-Access to Rural Services
-Access to Pump Repair Technical Services
-This comprehensive survey design aims to explore the multifaceted impacts of solar pump adoption on household livelihoods, with a particular focus on gendered outcomes.

Gender Inequality: Critical Consciousness Scale

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. The policy goal of empowering women may be hindered by women’s lack of perception of the degree of gender inequality, their actual desire for egalitarianism, and what they do to push for change. Critical consciousness is defined as the capacity of oppressed or marginalized people to critically analyze their social and political conditions, endorsement of societal equality, and action to change perceived inequities (Freire, 1973). This tool, Gender Inequality: Critical Consciousness Scale, fills a gap of measuring critical consciousness on gender inequality adapted to the Global South. The scale has three components: critical reflection (degree to which women are aware of the conditions that discriminate them), critical action (what they do to push for change), and critical motivation (desire for egalitarianism). This tool is suited for surveys run by NSOs, other nationally representative individual- or household-level surveys, and for targeted thematic or impact evaluation surveys. We recommend the use of this tool in the design, monitoring, and evaluation of development programs aimed at improving women’s empowerment.
This data study includes following files.
1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines).
2.Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook "CAPI_.xlsx" that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with others, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Gender and Occupation: Automatic Cognition Test

The Measures for Advancing Gender Equality (MAGNET) initiative aims to broaden and deepen the measurement of women’s agency, based on the development of new tools and rigorous testing and comparison of both new and existing methods for measuring agency, and promoting the adoption of these measures at scale. By increasing the availability of innovative meaningful measures of agency for a broad range of contexts, we hope our work will lead to an improved understanding of what women’s agency is, how it manifests and how it can best be measured across contexts given the research question at hand. This tool, Gender and Occupation: Automatic Cognition Test, captures ‘automatic cognition’ (i.e., cognition that is fast, effortless, and occurs with little conscious awareness) regarding the gendered nature of specific activities and occupations. An increasing number of policy interventions aim to change gender norms and biased attitudes against women, including those regarding which occupations it is appropriate for women to work in. However, such implicit attitudes and biases are notoriously prone to measurement error. Rather than the more complex Implicit Association Test (IAT), this tool captures automatic cognition based on the simpler Affect Misattribution Procedure (Miles et al. 2019). This tool can be used to diagnose the strength of automatic cognitive processes regarding gender and occupations in a given population, but also to assess the impact of interventions aiming to shift attitudes or norms. Users may want to use this tool alongside other measures of gender attitudes, as well as the respondent’s current occupation.
This data study includes following files.
1. A survey document (including implementation guidelines).
2. Two files, CAPI_Choices and CAPI_Survey, along with the accompanying files, can be used to construct a CAPI program ready for survey implementation. Alternatively, users can use an Excel workbook "CAPI_.xlsx" that includes worksheets for survey and choices, along with others, for constructing a CAPI program ready for survey implementation.

Survey on Gendered Constraints to Employment and Entrepreneurship, Lesotho

The dataset comprises a sample of small and medium-sized enterprises in Lesotho interviewed in 2021. The sectors represented are farms; agro-processors; other agricultural businesses; manufacturers; tourism industries & creative industries. The survey instrument was designed to capture information on the experiences of and constraints to employment and entrepreneurship among under-represented groups, specifically: women, youth & persons with disabilities.

Perceived Effect of Feed-Health Intervention for Improved Small Ruminant Production on Gender and Household Nutrition in Koutiala District

Under the feed and health intervention study for improved small ruminant production in 2 intervention communities in Koutiala district of Mali, data has been collected on animal performance (average daily gain, flock dynamics), manure production, and cost and benefit which covers the productivity, environmental and economic domains of the sustainable intensification assessment framework. Necessary data has not been collected for the human and social domains regarding this feed-health intervention. The objective of this study was to collect data on the human and social domains so that sustainable intensification assessment framework can be applied to the feed and health intervention for improved small ruminant production. The same households in the 2 communities, forty in total, involved in the feed-health intervention study conducted between 2017 and 2018 were involved in the survey.

Pilot Data for Study of Gender & the Adoption of Agricultural Technologies in Cassava Cultivation

These are data for a pilot study conducted in Kenya which was meant to expose differences in the rates at which female and farmers adopted improved cassava cultivars, and whether these differences responded to different forms of engagement via extension activities.

Gender Evaluation of Tomato and Eggplant in Koutiala and Bougouni Districts in Mali

Through research and scaling, Africa RISING strives to create opportunities for smallholder farm households to move out of hunger and poverty. However, knowledge about gendered differences in the adoption of intensification practices is still limited and often based on results from quantitative studies only. The Gender Evaluation of Tomato and Eggplant in Southern Mali study is conducted to gain an in-depth understanding of gender issues around the cultivation of tomatoes and eggplants. The data set covers demographic information, general farm system description, market participation, gender and household processes of 75 tomato and eggplant farmers in the Koutiala and Bougouni district of Southern Mali. The main data generation strategy of this study was focus group discussions.

Gender Evaluation of Cowpea Living Mulch in Northern Ghana

This dataset is generated from the research study conducted to understand gender issues surrounding the adoption and sustainability of living mulch technologies at the household as well as community level. The survey was conducted among farmers who were practicing living mulch in Northern Ghana. Data were collected from 77 farmers in 12 communities across six districts from Jan-Feb, 2019. The data collected include demographic information, general farm system description, gender and household processes, and market participation among others. The main data generation strategy of this study was focus group discussions.

Qualitative Research Protocols for Measuring Gendered Constraints to Employment and Entrepreneurship in Malawi

The qualitative research protocols were designed by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in collaboration with the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) to identify issues that most constrain women’s access to employment and entrepreneurship opportunities in Malawi and to understand how benefit streams for economic growth due to low participation of women in employment and entrepreneurship can be unlocked through removing constraints. More broadly, the protocols are part of an effort to improve the integration of gender into growth constraints diagnostics, an analytic approach commonly used by development organizations, such as MCC, to identify ‘binding’ constraints to economic growth within a particular economy and prioritize policy reforms to ease those constraints.

Replication Data for "The Gendered Impacts of Income Fluctuations on Household Departure, Labor Supply, and Human Capital Decisions"

These files consist of the do-files and data for reproducing results presented in the article, ""The Gendered Impacts of Income Fluctuations on Household Departure, Labor Supply, and Human Capital Decisions"" (Kosec et al., 2021). The data files were constructed from Kyrgyz Integrated Household Survey (KIHS) spanning from 2004 to 2016. KIHS is a nationally-representative, multi-topic rotating panel household survey conducted quarterly since during 2003-2016.The primary respondent is the household head or a knowledgeable member, who completed a household roster and employment module covering individuals aged 15?65, among other modules. Each year up to 2013, up to 25 percent of households exited the sample; in 2013, an entirely new sample was selected. There are on average three observations per household each year, and the median household is in the sample for four years. In total data from 164,997 individuals from 14934 households were used for the analysis.

Gender Evaluation of Maize Leaf Stripping Practices in Northern Ghana

Through research and scaling, Africa RISING strives to create opportunities for smallholder farm households to move out of hunger and poverty. However, knowledge about gendered differences in the adoption of intensification practices is still limited and often based on results from quantitative studies only. The evaluation is to gain an in-depth understanding of gender issues surrounding the adoption and sustainability of maize leaf stripping technologies on the household as well as community level. This includes an understanding of intra-household decision-making and labor allocation; access to resources, participation as well as benefit-sharing among male and female households and community members. The data covers basic demographic information, general farm system description, gender and household processes, and market participation of 60 farmers involved in maize leaf stripping in Northern Ghana. The main data generation strategy of this study was focus group discussions.

Survey on Gendered Constraints to Employment and Entrepreneurship

The survey questionnaires were designed by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) in collaboration with the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) to collect information on the experiences of and constraints to employment and entrepreneurship among men and women of working age (18-54 years old) in Malawi, and more broadly, to improve the integration of gender into growth constraints diagnostics, an analytic approach commonly used by development organizations, such as MCC, to identify ‘binding’ constraints to economic growth within a particular economy and prioritize policy reforms to ease those constraints.

IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey Data: Wote, Kenya

The IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey data were collected in four sites in Africa south of the Sahara in early 2013 as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) under the project "Increasing Women’s Resilience to Confront Climate Change." It aimed to enhance understanding of gendered climate change perceptions, impacts, adaptation and coping strategies, as well as the constraints to adaptation within selected CCAFS baseline sites in Kenya, Senegal, and Uganda. Specifically, the survey was designed to answer questions such as: • How do men and women perceive climate change and, particularly, the livelihood risks associated with climate change? • What are the gender disparities in access to and control over assets and how and to what degree does the disparity in assets affect how men and women experience climate shocks and change? • How and to what degree does asset disparity determine how men and women respond to climate shocks and change? • Which coping strategies and adaptation options are favored by women and men, respectively, and why? The survey collected detailed gender-disaggregated data on these issues to inform strategies to increase climate change resilience among both women and men. The gender survey contained 13 modules, posing questions at the household and individual levels. These modules are: 1) a household roster; 2) sketch of the farm (pre-populated from a previous survey—IMPACT Lite); 3) land ownership, management, and decision making; 4) decision-making authority on agricultural, livestock, and household decisions; 5) adoption and knowledge of climate-smart agriculture practices; 6) access to and use of climate and agricultural information services; 7) access to and use of credit; 8) membership in groups; 9) fuel and water use; 10) experience with climate shocks and coping strategies; 11) perception of climate change and its potential impacts; 12) identification of adaptation strategies; and 13) cognitive decision-making and personal values questions. Four sets of data are generated from the survey conducted in four sites-Nyando and Wote in Kenya, Rakai in Uganda, and Kaffrine in Senegal. This study contains data from Wote.

Gender Implications of the Introduction of Forage Chopper Machines in Babati, Tanzania

In 2015, livestock scientists implementing Africa RISING research-in-development activities (R-in-D) introduced forage chopper machines in seven villages in Babati District, northern Tanzania. The dataset included in this study was generated from the research conducted an year later to understand the gender implications of the new processing practices. The survey was conducted among households who used forage chopper machines and included questions about intra-household decision-making, previous knowledge of the technology, training, and willingness to pay among many others. Altogether 53 male and female respondents were selected for the survey.

IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey Data: Kaffrine, Senegal

The IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey data were collected in four sites in Africa south of the Sahara in early 2013 as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) under the project "Increasing Women’s Resilience to Confront Climate Change." It aimed to enhance understanding of gendered climate change perceptions, impacts, adaptation and coping strategies, as well as the constraints to adaptation within selected CCAFS baseline sites in Kenya, Senegal, and Uganda. Specifically, the survey was designed to answer questions such as: • How do men and women perceive climate change and, particularly, the livelihood risks associated with climate change? • What are the gender disparities in access to and control over assets and how and to what degree does the disparity in assets affect how men and women experience climate shocks and change? • How and to what degree does asset disparity determine how men and women respond to climate shocks and change? • Which coping strategies and adaptation options are favored by women and men, respectively, and why? The survey collected detailed gender-disaggregated data on these issues to inform strategies to increase climate change resilience among both women and men.The gender survey contained 13 modules, posing questions at the household and individual levels. These modules are: 1) a household roster; 2) sketch of the farm (pre-populated from a previous survey—IMPACT Lite); 3) land ownership, management, and decision making; 4) decision-making authority on agricultural, livestock, and household decisions; 5) adoption and knowledge of climate-smart agriculture practices; 6) access to and use of climate and agricultural information services; 7) access to and use of credit; 8) membership in groups; 9) fuel and water use; 10) experience with climate shocks and coping strategies; 11) perception of climate change and its potential impacts; 12) identification of adaptation strategies; and 13) cognitive decision-making and personal values questions. Four sets of data are generated from the survey conducted in four sites-Nyando and Wote in Kenya, Rakai in Uganda, and Kaffrine in Senegal. This study contains data from Kaffrine.

IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey Data: Bangladesh

The IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey data were collected between April and May 2013 as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) under the project "Increasing Women’s Resilience to Confront Climate Change." It aimed to enhance understanding of gendered climate change perceptions, impacts, adaptation, and coping strategies, as well as the constraints to adaptation within two CCAFS research sites in Bangladesh, Bagerhat and Satkhira. Data were collected on the three previous agricultural seasons, that is, from August 2011 to August 2012. The survey covered the same households that were sampled for the IMPACT Lite surveys, designed by researchers at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) in order to supplement the detailed productivity-related information collected through that survey. Gender-disaggregated data were gathered on climate change perceptions, agricultural activities, decision-making, weather information, risk perceptions, and adaptation. Information was also collected on assets, farming decisions, agricultural practices, respondents’ access to information, extension services, and credit; and their participation in community groups. Data were gathered through the use of questionnaires administered through face-to-face interviews. Two adult decision makers (one male and one female) were interviewed separately per household in order to capture independent perceptions.

IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey Data: Rakai, Uganda

The IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey data were collected in four sites in Africa south of the Sahara in early 2013 as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) under the project "Increasing Women’s Resilience to Confront Climate Change." It aimed to enhance understanding of gendered climate change perceptions, impacts, adaptation and coping strategies, as well as the constraints to adaptation within selected CCAFS baseline sites in Kenya, Senegal, and Uganda. Specifically, the survey was designed to answer questions such as: • How do men and women perceive climate change and, particularly, the livelihood risks associated with climate change? • What are the gender disparities in access to and control over assets and how and to what degree does the disparity in assets affect how men and women experience climate shocks and change? • How and to what degree does asset disparity determine how men and women respond to climate shocks and change? • Which coping strategies and adaptation options are favored by women and men, respectively, and why? The survey collected detailed gender-disaggregated data on these issues to inform strategies to increase climate change resilience among both women and men. The gender survey contained 13 modules, posing questions at the household and individual levels. These modules are: 1) a household roster; 2) sketch of the farm (pre-populated from a previous survey—IMPACT Lite); 3) land ownership, management, and decision making; 4) decision-making authority on agricultural, livestock, and household decisions; 5) adoption and knowledge of climate-smart agriculture practices; 6) access to and use of climate and agricultural information services; 7) access to and use of credit; 8) membership in groups; 9) fuel and water use; 10) experience with climate shocks and coping strategies; 11) perception of climate change and its potential impacts; 12) identification of adaptation strategies; and 13) cognitive decision-making and personal values questions. Four sets of data are generated from the survey conducted in four sites-Nyando and Wote in Kenya, Rakai in Uganda, and Kaffrine in Senegal. This study contains data from Rakai.

IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey Data: Nyando, Kenya

The IFPRI-CCAFS Gender and Climate Change Survey data were collected in four sites in Africa south of the Sahara in early 2013 as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS) under the project "Increasing Women’s Resilience to Confront Climate Change." It aimed to enhance understanding of gendered climate change perceptions, impacts, adaptation and coping strategies, as well as the constraints to adaptation within selected CCAFS baseline sites in Kenya, Senegal, and Uganda. Specifically, the survey was designed to answer questions such as: • How do men and women perceive climate change and, particularly, the livelihood risks associated with climate change? • What are the gender disparities in access to and control over assets and how and to what degree does the disparity in assets affect how men and women experience climate shocks and change? • How and to what degree does asset disparity determine how men and women respond to climate shocks and change? • Which coping strategies and adaptation options are favored by women and men, respectively, and why? The survey collected detailed gender-disaggregated data on these issues to inform strategies to increase climate change resilience among both women and men. The gender survey contained 13 modules, posing questions at the household and individual levels. These modules are: 1) a household roster; 2) sketch of the farm (pre-populated from a previous survey—IMPACT Lite); 3) land ownership, management, and decision making; 4) decision-making authority on agricultural, livestock, and household decisions; 5) adoption and knowledge of climate-smart agriculture practices; 6) access to and use of climate and agricultural information services; 7) access to and use of credit; 8) membership in groups; 9) fuel and water use; 10) experience with climate shocks and coping strategies; 11) perception of climate change and its potential impacts; 12) identification of adaptation strategies; and 13) cognitive decision-making and personal values questions. Four sets of data are generated from the survey conducted in four sites-Nyando and Wote in Kenya, Rakai in Uganda, and Kaffrine in Senegal. This study contains data from Nyando.

Gender Roles in Household Legume Utilization for Complementary Feeding in Dedza and Ntcheu Districts of Malawi

This study contains data from the survey conducted to assess gender roles in household legume utilization for complementary feeding in Dedza and Ntcheu districts of Malawi.

Gender Household Survey Phase 2

The purpose of this survey is to gather gender-disaggregated data on agricultural activities, decision-making, weather information, risk-perception and values from rural households. In Phase 2, the gender survey was adapted and implemented in other sites. It was adapted to include some of the production information from IMPACT-Lite since that survey has not been implemented in the new sites. This intra-household survey collects information related to household characteristics, farm production, decision-making, CSA adoption, access to agro-climate information services, etc. from both male and female respondents. This information will be used for researchers, policy-makers and development practitioners to better understand the vulnerabilities of men and women to climate change, how they differ, and what actions can be taken to reduce that vulnerability.

Creating Homestead Agriculture for Nutrition and Gender Equity (CHANGE) in Burkina Faso

The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term impact of the Enhanced Homestead Food Production Program implemented by HKI on household food security and nutritional status, as well as the impact on including additional interventions (BCC on WASH and malaria prevention, distribution of preventive lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS)) to children aged 6-24 months old, in addition to the standard E-HFP model.

Gender Household Survey

The purpose of this survey is to gather gender-disaggregated data on agricultural activities, decision-making, weather information, risk-perception and values from rural households in Kenya, Bangladesh, Uganda and Senegal. The survey ultimately will cover 200 households in each site - the same households that were sampled for the IMPACT Lite Surveys. This survey builds on the information collected in that round, supplementing the detailed productivity related information with data on decision-making and other topics. This information will be used for researchers, policy-makers and development practitioners to better understand the vulnerabilities of men and women to climate change, how they differ, and what actions can be taken to reduce that vulnerability.